Search results for "Spruce forest"

Wood-decaying fungi in old-growth boreal forest fragments: extinctions and colonizations over 20 years

2021

According to ecology theory, isolated habitat fragments cannot maintain populations of specialized species. Yet, empirical evidence based on monitoring of the same fragments over time is still limited. We studied the colonization–extinction dynamics of eight wood-decaying fungal species in 16 old-growth forest fragments (<14 ha) over a 20-year period (1997–2017). We observed 19 extinctions and 5 colonizations; yet, the distribution of extinctions and colonizations did not differ from the one expected by chance for any of the species. Twenty-six percent of the extinctions took place in two natural fragments amid large forest–peatland complexes. (Romell) Bourdot and Galzin decreased …

Reducing Mortality of Shrews in Rodent Live Trapping — a Method Increasing Live-Trap Selectivity with Shrew Exits

2013

Shrews have very high metabolic rates and are often unintentionally starved in rodent live-traps during capture-mark-recapture (CMR) studies. Here, we suggest a shrew exit as a modification to rodent traps. To test whether this modification is (1) saving shrews and (2) not jeopardizing results of rodent captures, we compared captures in Ugglan traps with and without shrew exits, studying bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in a spruce forest in central Finland. Numbers of captured bank voles and body size of smallest juvenile bank voles were not affected by the shrew exit, while the number of captured common shrews (Sorex araneus) was reduced from 31 to 0 individuals per 100 trap nights. However,…

Dispersal of microarthropods in forest soil

2001

Summary This experiment was a part of a research on the soil community in anthropogenous birch stands in Finland. In that study it was found that communities of Collembola are similar in birch stands of different origin (cultivated field or spruce forest), while the communities of Oribatida are essentially different. When compared to original spruce forest, the communities of both groups are different. Cultivation eliminates the populations of most microarthropod species, that have to disperse after reforestation from the surrounding areas. The aim of the experiment was to study the ambulatory dispersal of soil microarthropods. It was carried out in plastic boxes filled with an intact block…

Sulphur Stored in Forest Soils and the Relative Importance of Organic and Inorganic Forms. Examples from Mont-Lozère (Southern Massif Central)

1995

From studies initiated in 1981, the mean annual hydrochemical budget established in three experiment watersheds at Mont-Lozere demonstrated that sulphur is retained in soils and in arenaceous formations (Lelong et al. 1990). Soils were developed on weathered granite materials that were strongly reworked by periglacial processes. One watershed is covered with grasses (Bassin de la Cloutasse) and the two others by forest. A beech coppice (Fagus sylvatica L.) and a Norway spruce forest (Picea abies (L.) Karst., hereafter shortened to “spruce”) occupy the Bassin de La Sapine (54 ha) and the Bassin of La Latte (20 ha), respectively. Unfortunately, as a result of a parasite attack, a large part o…

Abundance of narG, napA, nirK and nosZ genes of denitrifying bacteria in a Norway spruce forest under different N-deposition

2007

Labile carbon addition affects soil organisms and N availability but not cellulose decomposition in clear-cut Norway spruce forests

2014

We assessed the effects of sucrose addition on the biological and chemical properties of organic soil in clear-cut Norway spruce forests managed with or without wood-ash fertilization and mechanical site preparation. Sucrose addition increased the abundances of enchytraeids and tardigrades and soil moisture percentage in the clear-cut areas. Sucrose also increased nematode abundance in the non-fertilized plots. Sucrose reduced the pool of waterextractable NH4-N in the soil in the first year, but increased it in the second year. Sucrose addition did not affect the decomposition rate of cellulose strips. The biomass of ground vegetation was not affected by sucrose. Carbohydrate addition seems…

Statistical upscaling of ecosystem CO2 fluxes across the terrestrial tundra and boreal domain: Regional patterns and uncertainties

2021

The regional variability in tundra and boreal carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes can be high, complicating efforts to quantify sink-source patterns across the entire region. Statistical models are increasingly used to predict (i.e., upscale) CO2 fluxes across large spatial domains, but the reliability of different modeling techniques, each with different specifications and assumptions, has not been assessed in detail. Here, we compile eddy covariance and chamber measurements of annual and growing season CO2 fluxes of gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) during 1990–2015 from 148 terrestrial high-latitude (i.e., tundra and boreal) sites to a…